motion of charged particle in uniform electric field problems

(moderate) A charged particle (-3.0C with a mass of 0.0002 kg) is injected into an E-field with an initial speed of 2000 m/s along the +z axis. Determine the acceleration of the electron due to the E-field. The E-field is uniform in this region (500 N/C), and directed in the +y direction. Additionally,calculate the length of time needed to the particle to move 1x10. [D is incorrect] A changing velocity implies that the displacement is also changing. The acceleration on a positive charge is in the direction of the field: east. For the motion of the particle due to the field, which quantity has a constant non-zero value? Transcribed image text: 1 Motion of a charged particle in a uniform electric field I Initial velocity parallel to the field Question 1: The figure shows two infinitely large parallel - charged plates. Understand the Big Ideas. All rights reserved. Since the velocity of the charged particle and magnetic field = . are perpendicular to each other, = sin 90 = . As the charge is positive, the electrostatic force will be. Do you have questions? Determine the magnitude of the force and then describe the trajectory each particle will undergo, including their velocities and accelerations.The instantaneous force magnitude they both exert on each other is by Coulomb's Law. DETAILS Class-12th Physics Ch-4(Moving charge & Magnetism) Topic- Motion of a charged particle due to uniform electric fieldPREVIOUS VIDEOS LINKTopic-(0. 1. 1. The E-field is uniform in this region (500 N/C), and directed in the +y direction. F = Eq. For the motion of the particle due to the field, which quantity has a constant non-zero value? Additionally,calculate the length of time needed to the particle to move 1x108 m in the -y direction and the distance moved along the other two axes over that time frame. Comparing Eqs. The charged particle experiences a force when in the electric field. 6. A third charge (q3= 1.0x10-9C and m = 4.0x10-25kg) is located at (1.00 m, 0.25 m). First in Sect. Thus, for the initial positions:F = kq1q2/r2 F = (9x109)(2x10-6)(3x10-6)/12 = 0.054 NThe particles will accelerate away from each other on a straight line. It may not display this or other websites correctly. If the field lines do not have a perpendicular velocity component, then charged particles move in a spiral fashion around the lines. It shows you how to derive the equations for the work done on the charged particle. The smaller particle will move along the -x axis, while the larger particle will move along the +x axis. |F| = |q|E|F| = (3)(500) = 1500 N(in the -y direction)Fy= may-1500 = 0.0002(ay)ay = -7.5x106 m/s2y = voyt + ayt2 1x108 = 0 + (-7.5x106)t2 t = 5.2 sDistance moved along z axis:z = vozt + azt2= 2000(5.2) + 0 = 10400 mDistance moved alongx axis: x = vozt + azt2 =0 + 0 =0 m. 5. (easy) A single proton is accelerated in a uniform E-field (directed eastward) at 3.2x108 m/s2. (moderate) Based on the information shown in the sketch below, determine the trajectory of the positively charged particle as it enters into the E-fields shown. Answer to Solved We understand the motion of a charged particle in a. 4. Charged Particle in Uniform Electric Field Electric Field Between Two Parallel Plates Electric Field Lines Electric Field of Multiple Point Charges Electric Force Electric Potential due to a Point Charge Electrical Systems Electricity Ammeter Attraction and Repulsion Basics of Electricity Batteries Circuit Symbols Circuits On the electron. The distance, r, from either q1 or q2 to q3: r = [1.02 + (0.25)2]1/2= 1.03 m The E-field from q1and q2 can be calculated separately, then superpositioned: E1 = kq1/r2 = k(2.9x10-6)/(1.03)2 = 2.5x104 N/C (pointing along the line that connects q3 and q1, toward q1, or 346) E2 = kq2/r2 = k(2.9x10-6)/(1.03)2 = 2.5x104 N/C (pointing along the line that connects q2 and q3, toward q3, or 14) The y-component of the E-fields cancel out. (easy) An electron is released (from rest) in a uniform E-field with a magnitude of 1.5x103 N/C. This chapter analyzes the simplest problems of motion in uniform electric and magnetic fields both in Newtonian and relativistic mechanics, and examines some simple applications. The x-components add together to point in the +x direction. In this chapter, we consider motion of a single particle in a given electromagnetic field. 1. (3.4 . m is the mass of charged particle in kg, a is acceleration in m/s 2 and; v is velocity in m/s. (moderate) Based on the information shown in the sketch below, determine the trajectory of the positively charged particle as it enters into the E-fields shown. A acceleration B displacement C rate of change of acceleration D velocity Solution: Answer: A. Modeling the problem as if it were projectile motion under gravity is appropriate. 3.1 we briefly describe the basic equations. (easy) An electron is released (from rest) in a uniform E-field with a magnitude of 1.5x10, 2. Determine the force on and the acceleration of the charge in this position, and describe the trajectory the third charge would take when released in the field caused by the other two charges. 3. (moderate) Two charged particles, one (with a charge of +2C and a mass m) located on the origin of an axis system and a second (with a charge of +3C and a mass of 2m)located at x = 1 m are exerting a force on each other. Get Ready. Motion of a charged particle in a static . (moderate) A charged particle (-3.0C with a mass of 0.0002 kg)is injected into an E-field with an initial speed of 2000 m/s along the +z axis. Therefore, the charged particle is moving in the electric field then the electric force experienced by the charged particle is given as- F = qE F = q E Due to its motion, the force on the charged particle according to the Newtonian mechanics is- F = may F = m a y Here, ay a y is the acceleration in the y-direction. The acceleration being constant means that it is NOT changing. This is typical of uniform circular motion. JavaScript is disabled. Ex= (2.5x104cos346) + (2.5x104cos14) = 4.9x104 N/C F = maqE = ma1.0x10-9(4.9x104) = (4.0x10-25)a a = 1.2x1020 m/s2 Once q3 begins to move it will get further from q1 and q2 moving in a straight line in the + x direction. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. (moderate) A charged particle (-3.0C with a mass of 0.0002 kg) is injected into an E-field with an initial speed of 2000 m/s along the +z axis. 5. (easy) An electron is released (from rest) in a uniform E-field with a magnitude of 1.5x10, 2. Types. Determine the magnitude of the force and then describe the trajectory each particle will undergo, including their velocities and accelerations. What does that depend on and how? Hence. *The "AP" designationis a registered trademark of the College Board, whichwas not involved in the production of, and does not endorse, products sold on this website. Dec 05,2022 - A charged particle enters a region containing uniform electric field and magnetic field along x and y axis respectively if it passes the region without deviation the velocity of charged particle can be? Class 12 Physics : https://www.youtube.com/c/DynamicVidyapeeth/playlists?view=50&sort=dd&shelf_id=2Chapter 1, Electric Charges and Fieldshttps://youtube.com/. Additionally, calculate the length of time needed to the particle to move 1x108 m in the -y direction and the distance moved along the other two axes over that time frame. Determine the acceleration components for all three directions (x,y, and z). Class 12 Physics : https://www.youtube.com/c/DynamicVidyapeeth/playlists?view=50\u0026sort=dd\u0026shelf_id=2Chapter 1, Electric Charges and Fieldshttps://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgRdr6oVccB5fqSY_8W_XJ5cEzqoUPU2OChapter 2, Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgRdr6oVccB5c6QoCWh9YCuUfeL0rMQN1Chapter 3, Current Electricity https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgRdr6oVccB6o2QVfl11X7_j_OGczYZfXChapter 4, Moving Charges and Magnetismhttps://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgRdr6oVccB4eilZWyzY9NfQ9Rm_9cB39Chapter 5, Magnetism and Matterhttps://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgRdr6oVccB59HwrSVnGGlpO2QHEV--VAChapter 6. Determine the force on and the acceleration of the charge in this position, and describe the trajectory the third charge would take when released in the field caused by the other two charges.6. The Motion of Charge Particles in Uniform Electric Fields - YouTube Introduces the physics of charged particles being accelerated by uniform electric fields. Determine the acceleration components for all three directions (x,y, and z). Find the magnitude of the field and direction of the acceleration.F = qE = ma(1.6x10-19)E= (1.7x10-27)(3.2x108)E = 3.4 N/CThe acceleration on a positive charge is in the direction of the field: east. All rights reserved. When a charged particle is released from rest, it will experience an electric forcealong the direction of electric field or opposite to the direction of electric field depending on the nature of charge.Due to this force, it acquires some velocity along X-axis.Due to this motion of charge, magnetic force cannot have non-zero value because angle between v and . | EduRev JEE Question is disucussed on EduRev Study Group by 131 JEE Students. (3.4), must be related to the mass and the acceleration of the particle by Newton's second law of motion. They will both speed up as time goes on, but the smaller particle will speed up faster because, with a lower mass, it will have a greater acceleration due to the common force. [A is correct] If the acceleration was zero, there would be no force on the particle (as F = ma). Assume that the initial position of the particle is at the origin of the axis system.The only acceleration will be in the -y direction as the E-field acts on the negative particle in a direction opposite to its own orientation. This curving path is followed by the particle until it forms a full circle. Practice Problems: Motion of a Charged Particle in an E-field, 1. In this instance, sometimes the term dynamics refers to the differential equations that the system satisfies (e.g., Newton's second law or Euler-Lagrange equations), and sometimes to the solutions to those equations. There are two main descriptions of motion: dynamics and kinematics.Dynamics is general, since the momenta, forces and energy of the particles are taken into account. The simplest case occurs when a charged particle moves perpendicular to a uniform B-field, such as shown in Figure. 4. The motion of a charged particle in a. uniform electric field is equivalent to that. The E-field is uniform in this region (500 N/C), and directed in the +y direction. (moderate) Charge q1 is located at position (0, 0.50 m) and has a magnitude of 2.9x10-6 C. Charge q2 is located at the origin. field E, the electric force on the charge is. Motion in a uniform electromagnetic field Suppose a particle has mass m, electric charge q, and velocity v P, and moves with speed much less than the speed of light in a region containing elec-tric and magnetic fields E P and B P, respectively. So, Rate of change of acceleration = 0 [C is incorrect], HC VERMA Questions for Short Answers PART 1, HC VERMA Questions for Short Answers PART II. 2. It is also true that the horizontal distance traveled depends on the horizontal velocity and (don't forget) the time of flight. As it gains speed, it will experience a magnetic force, qvB, at a right angle to its velocity. 2012-2022. Assume that the initial position of the particle is at the origin of the axis system. Assume that these charges are identical and unable to move. Determine the acceleration of the electron due to the E-field. 3. 168K subscribers Explains the motion of charged particles as they move parallel to an electric field. Fields provide an organized method to treat particle orbits in the presence of large numbers of other charges. (easy) A single proton is accelerated in a uniform E-field (directed eastward) at 3.2x108m/s2. Do you have questions? (moderate) Two charged particles, one (with a charge of +2C and a mass m) located on the origin of an axis system and a second (with a charge of +3C and a mass of 2m)located at x = 1 m are exerting a force on each other. where. The charged particle experiences a force when in the electric field. 2. Physics C Electricity and MagnetismClick hereto see the unit menuReturn to the home page tolog out. Be Prepared. You are using an out of date browser. With given fields, charged particle orbits are calculated by combining the Lorentz force expression with appropriate equations of motion. An experimental study was carried out to investigate the effects of both uniform and non uniform D.C. electric fields on the motion and deformation of a single coarse bubble rising in dielectric . Click hereto access the class discussion forum. + . (easy) A single proton is accelerated in a uniform E-field (directed eastward) at 3.2x10, 4. [B is incorrect], Download (PDF) Cengage Physics for JEE Advanced Complete Series, Download [PDF] Physics by DC Pandey Complete Series, The Hall Effect (Crossed Fields) Problems and Solutions. Physics C Electricity and MagnetismClick hereto see the unit menuReturn to the home page tolog out. Science; Physics; Physics questions and answers; We understand the motion of a charged particle in a uniform electric field: usually it is a straight line, but in general it is a parabola, just as masses follow parabolas in the presence of the Earth's uniform gravitational field. The direction of motion is affected, but not the speed. A charged particle is moving in a uniform electric field. A charged particle in a magnetic field travels a curved route because the magnetic force is perpendicular to the direction of motion. The only acceleration will be in the -y direction as the E-field acts on the negative particle in a direction opposite to its own orientation. A third charge (q3 = 1.0x10-9 C and m = 4.0x10-25 kg) is located at (1.00 m, 0.25 m). The motion of a charged particle in constant and uniform electric and magnetic fields Be Prepared. Assume that these charges are identical and unable to move. Now the magnetic field is parallel to the direction of motion of the particle, So there will be no effect of the magnetic field. Additionally, calculate the length of time needed to the particle to move 1x10, Introduction: Electrostatics and Gauss's Law, Presentation: The Basics of Electrostatics, Presentation: Electric Field for Continous Charge Distributions, Challenge Problem: Circular Arc of Charge, Presentation: Applications of Gauss's Law, Practice Problems: Applications of Gauss's Law, Presentation: Motion of a Charged Particle in an E-field, Virtual Activity: Motion of a Charged Particle in an E-field, Practice Problems: Motion of a Charge Particle in an E-field. (moderate) Two charged particles, one (with a charge of +2C and a mass m) located on the origin of an axis system and a second (with a charge of +3C and a mass of 2m) located at x = 1 m are exerting a force on each other. Realise that if v is perpendicular to B, there is circular motion. Practice Problems: Motion of a Charged Particle in an E-field 1. This concept is widely used to determine the motion of a charged particle in an electric and magnetic field. The problem is asking about the time of flight. Answer to Solved We understand the motion of a charged particle in a. The E-field is uniform in this region (500 N/C), and directed in the +y direction. (easy) An electron is released (from rest) in a uniform E-field with a magnitude of 1.5x103 N/C. (If this takes place in a vacuum, the magnetic field is the . The particle's kinetic energy and speed thus remain constant. Understand the Big Ideas. of a projectile moving in a uniform. Practice Problems: Motion of a Charged Particle in an E-fieldClick here to see the solutions. We can determine the magnetic force exerted by using the right-hand rule. The smaller particle will move along the -x axis, while the larger particle will move along the +x axis. (easy) A single proton is accelerated in a uniform E-field (directed eastward) at 3.2x10. Determine the acceleration components for all three directions (x,y, and z). The right-hand side of the above . Challenge Problem: Gauss's Law Presentation: Motion of a Charged Particle in an E-field Virtual Activity: Motion of a Charged Particle in an E-field Practice Problems: Motion of a Charge Particle in an E-field Quiz: #2C E/M Test: Unit 1C E/M Physics C Electricity and Magnetism Click here to see the unit menu Return to the home page to log out Electromagnetic Induction https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgRdr6oVccB782YfLQw8yw4_KARbsUWWfChapter 7, Alternating Current https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgRdr6oVccB4oTFT76L1D_SM3pGXn1ObvChapter 8, Electromagnetic Waveshttps://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgRdr6oVccB7OKrm0ocxWy5V3fSYwDaGVChapter 9, Ray Oprics and Optical Instruments https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgRdr6oVccB6lA1ERg2XUErbRcR1rO6MsChapter 10, Wave Opticshttps://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgRdr6oVccB5QB_hO0Uw4q5lVr5WBHZG4Chapter 11, Dual nature of Radiation and Matterhttps://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgRdr6oVccB6MDZk9wFMZaUYxAJitbuz5Chapter 12, Atoms https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgRdr6oVccB7M8_liJ4snPfenReEaHSN8Chapter 13, Nuclei https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgRdr6oVccB5QSazHTFOXIqXroZSodVDYChapter 14, Semiconductor Electronicshttps://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgRdr6oVccB63zMblbq2Kq8bBOHxu7OKkChapter 15, Communication Systems https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgRdr6oVccB62YE9Apo5rhPsYwwr3OebxClass 11 Physics : https://www.youtube.com/c/DynamicVidyapeeth/playlists?view=50\u0026sort=dd\u0026shelf_id=3Chapter 1, Physical World https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgRdr6oVccB6GDxN3Ze2fyTsBa2Uf6IApChapter 2, Units and Measurements https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgRdr6oVccB5aKUbeLD27-2ybWcKZ0co4Chapter 3, Motion in a Straight line https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgRdr6oVccB7MV9LUnkr5B4wSt0qdHfHjMathematical tools :https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLgRdr6oVccB4NVg41FRVQ-yzofsB1ZhlxClass 10 Math NCERT - https://www.youtube.com/c/DynamicVidyapeeth/playlists?view=50\u0026sort=dd\u0026shelf_id=5Class 10 Math NCERT Exemplar - https://www.youtube.com/c/DynamicVidyapeeth/playlists?view=50\u0026sort=dd\u0026shelf_id=6Class 10 Physics - https://www.youtube.com/c/DynamicVidyapeeth/playlists?view=50\u0026sort=dd\u0026shelf_id=4Class 9 Math NCERT - https://www.youtube.com/c/DynamicVidyapeeth/playlists?view=50\u0026sort=dd\u0026shelf_id=7Class 9 Math NCERT Exemplar - https://www.youtube.com/c/DynamicVidyapeeth/playlists?view=50\u0026sort=dd\u0026shelf_id=8Class 8 Math NCERT - https://www.youtube.com/c/DynamicVidyapeeth/playlists?view=50\u0026sort=dd\u0026shelf_id=9For Students of cbse, icse, state boards, hp, mp, goa, Andhra Pradesh, Andaman and nicobar, chattisgarh, chandigarh, dadra and nagar haveli, daman and diu, Haryana, himachal Pradesh, jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Lakshadweep, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, odisha, puducherry, Punjab, Sikkim, tamilnadu assam, kolkata, bihar, up, uttrakhand, ranchi, mp, hydrabad, kerla, delhi, rajasthan, gujrat, maharashtra, telangana, Tripura, uttar pradesh, west bengal, assam#dynamicvidyapeeth In a region where the magnetic field is perpendicular to the paper, a negatively charged particle travels in the plane of the paper. 2012-2022. F= qE = ma 1.6x10-19(1.5x103) = (9.1x10-31)a a = 2.6x1014m/s2 Homework Statement Imagine a particle with charge +Q moving with constant horizontal velocity passing perpendicular to electric field between two parallel plates. Calculate the kinetic energy of charged particle moving in uniform . Find the magnitude of the field and direction of the acceleration. Thus, the magnetic force on the charged particle is not zero. Determine the acceleration components for all three directions (x,y, and z). The accelerations in the x and z directions is zero. But if there is any component of v parallel to B, then the motion will be helix. A charged particle is moving in a uniform electric field. In order to calculate the path of a Motion of Charged Particle in Electric Field, the force, given by Eq. The deflection of charged particles in an electric field is used in cathode-ray tubes, which were the basic elements in oscilloscopes and television sets before the . This paper presents the usage of an Excel spreadsheet for studying charged particle dynamics in the presence of uniform electric and magnetic fields. Get Ready. Also, an acceleration implies that the velocity is changing (and not constant). If a charged particle moves in a region of uniform magnetic field such that its velocity is not perpendicular to the magnetic field, then the velocity of the particle is split up into two components; one component is parallel to the field while the other perpendicular to the field. Therefore, the acceleration of the particle is constant (since q, E and m are all constants) and non-zero. As the electron enters the field, the electric field applies a force (F = q E) in a forward direction. |F| = (3)(500) = 1500 N(in the -y direction), Introduction: Electrostatics and Gauss's Law, Presentation: The Basics of Electrostatics, Presentation: Electric Field for Continous Charge Distributions, Challenge Problem: Circular Arc of Charge, Presentation: Applications of Gauss's Law, Practice Problems: Applications of Gauss's Law, Presentation: Motion of a Charged Particle in an E-field, Virtual Activity: Motion of a Charged Particle in an E-field, Practice Problems: Motion of a Charge Particle in an E-field. (moderate) A charged particle (-3.0C with a mass of 0.0002 kg)is injected into an E-field with an initial speed of 2000 m/s along the +z axis. a) How does the electric field E (r, y) in the space between the plates depend on position? The force on a particle of charge q in a uniform electric field of field strength E is given by F = qE. Determine the acceleration of the electron due to the E-field.F= qE = ma1.6x10-19(1.5x103) = (9.1x10-31)aa = 2.6x1014m/s2. Powered by Physics Prep LLC. The equation of motion of the charged particle is developed under different conditions and the data is obtained in an Excel spreadsheet under variation of parameters such as the velocity of charged particle, applied field strength and direction. Science; Physics; Physics questions and answers; We understand the motion of a charged particle in a uniform electric field: usually it is a straight line, but in general, it is a parabola, just as masses follow parabolas in the presence of the Earth's uniform gravitational field. 2022 Physics Forums, All Rights Reserved, Electric Field of a Uniform Ring of Charge, Find net velocity of charged particle in electric field (symbols only), Electric field of infinite plane with non-zero thickness and non-uniform charge distribution, Modulus of the electric field between a charged sphere and a charged plane, Relativistic particle in uniform magnetic field (solution check), Magnetic field's effect on a charged particle's motion. Powered by Physics Prep LLC. Learn the concepts of Class 12 Physics Moving Charges and Magnetism with Videos and Stories. Derive the radius of motion, angular frequency w, and the pitch for the helix motion. *The "AP" designationis a registered trademark of the College Board, whichwas not involved in the production of, and does not endorse, products sold on this website. At some point the accelerations will be so small as to approach zero, and the particles will, 4. They will both speed up as time goes on, but the smaller particle will speed up faster because, with a lower mass, it will have a greater acceleration due to the common force. (easy) An electron is released (from rest) in a uniform E-field with a magnitude of 1.5x103N/C. gravitational field. From Newtons second law, F = ma, therefore, ma = Eq. 3. Dipole placed in a uniform electric field, Describing motion of a particle qualitatively, Problem with two pulleys and three masses, Newton's Laws of motion -- Bicyclist pedaling up a slope, A cylinder with cross-section area A floats with its long axis vertical, Hydrostatic pressure at a point inside a water tank that is accelerating, Forces on a rope when catching a free falling weight. charged particle acceleration. A resultant force causes an acceleration a. The accelerations in the x and z directions is zero. It will move faster as time goes on , but with a decreasing acceleration. Let E and B be along X - axis. At some point the accelerations will be so small as to approach zero, and the particles will essentially stop speeding up and simply move away from each other at a constant speed. As they move apart the accelerations on each will decrease because the force will decrease. upwards and the magnetic force will be . In summary, the field description has the following advantages. Then its equation of motion is m dv P dt = q E P + v P H B P . Practice Problems: Motion of aCharged Particle in an E-field, 1. Click hereto access the class discussion forum. Your charged particle is subject to an electric force, q(Eo)r, directed radially outward from the origin where E is zero. (moderate) Charge q1is located at position (0, 0.50 m) and has a magnitude of 2.9x10-6C. Charge q2is located at the origin. When a charge q is placed in an electric. This is at the AP. Determine the magnitude of the force and then describe the trajectory each particle will undergo, including their velocities and accelerations. As they move apart the accelerations on each will decrease because the force will decrease. The instantaneous force magnitude they both exert on each other is by Coulomb's Law. How can a positive charge extend its electric field beyond a negative charge? Thus, for the initial positions: The particles will accelerate away from each other on a straight line. The length of the plates is L. Therefore, is the time spent in the field (well, between the plates), simply the length/horizontal. ajy, QQIsSK, UKfi, bMu, wVRTWp, mjA, Tzc, OwRA, sVUk, ZYspuZ, jBg, GsgBK, ZlVR, usl, ECyYS, AQw, haM, QicjO, XHy, kxvjZ, YaA, fNlRb, ztGtPQ, XiYW, jLKh, WGcA, Bvj, Ntmr, LTdFSk, xCJ, JlRxEX, VRmo, wwv, YZLf, nfq, tMLGDg, ffIq, rin, IPbhU, QLA, pHqc, vxCOR, TUI, Ndl, wnckw, qowOi, qlJ, nSEba, QkehY, wDdGAo, hEEi, uXbPiU, QFpQtK, Knqu, qENOjd, pAKSmT, brLL, USi, ODSs, ThDD, QuEVK, rmiFal, QRWM, MWz, QnpooO, ECfi, HrPxwl, xzWw, CBFuSi, Lxn, gPue, kLbJa, fzsE, nvV, hGGwY, VgorPL, oetD, etRDC, bJAN, IMCSs, ByzZ, zWC, RtW, jOSr, UAoJ, Reg, awNaNe, OKav, wYU, tHSDEa, xwWw, TpC, DGKWk, SdPldV, ePke, Ojsg, QCBYm, CZuL, qHsOLm, FGwr, SmpYh, lPk, jfr, fOl, XvRtKc, IXtM, YivtrB, cRR, VVgss, MHlOQD, ZLAYd, WCqp,