phoenix mythology origin

O'Brian, Patrick. [70][71], At Elis, and in Athens, Eros shared cult with a twin, named Anteros. Outside of this context, ordinary wine (that is, Venus' wine) tinctured with myrtle oil was thought particularly suitable for women. He started organising concerts for them in Bamako, initially just for fun with friends, but the realisation dawned that they had developed a new genre of music. Following the start of the Mali War in 2012, the group fled their home country and have since lived and recorded in exile due to threats against them from militant groups. [47] Shakespeare's homoerotic descriptions of Adonis's beauty and Venus's masculine pursuit of him inspired the French novelist and playwright Rachilde (Marguerite Vallette-Eymery) to write her erotic novel Monsieur Vnus (1884), about a noblewoman named Raoule de Vnrande who sexually pursues a young, effeminate man named Jacques who works in a flower shop. [5] As Walter Burkert explains: Women sit by the gate weeping for Tammuz, or they offer incense to Baal on roof-tops and plant pleasant plants. King (eds.). Christian writers described her as a goddess of sloth and laziness. The Romans adapted the myths and iconography of her Greek counterpart Aphrodite for Roman art and Latin literature. [47] Later in the poem, Venus takes the character Amoretta to raise her in the "Garden of Adonis". Online version at the Topos Text Project. [19] During such exercises, the band met additional Tuareg musicians and formed a loosely-organized collective to create songs about the issues facing the Tuareg people. Venus-Aphrodite emerged, already in adult form, from the sea foam (Greek , aphros) produced by the severed genitals of Caelus-Uranus. [77] Before its adoption into Venus' cults, myrtle was used in the purification rites of Cloacina, the Etruscan-Roman goddess of Rome's main sewer; later, Cloacina's association with Venus' sacred plant made her Venus Cloacina. [49] The third century BC poet Euphorion of Chalcis remarked in his Hyacinth that "Only Cocytus washed the wounds of Adonis". [26], In a January 2013 confrontation, most band members evaded capture, except Abdallah Ag Lamida who was abducted while trying to save his guitars. [5] Flashing eyes may indicate the anger or irascibility of Charon as he is often characterized in literature, but the etymology is not certain. The metal europium, a rare-earth element, was named in 1901 after the continent.[30]. [42][43] Pompeii's Temple of Venus was built sometime in the 1st century BC, before Sulla's colonisation. Tinariwen formed as a musical collective while in military training in Libya, aiming to write songs about issues facing the Tuareg people. Cicero presents Anteros as a "third Cupid", fathered by Mars and birthed by a "third Venus", the huntress, Whoever threw "Venus" had the right to appoint a "King of the Feast"; the "Venus" throw was also known as the "Basilicus" (from the Greek "king"). The territory of the Phoenician city-states extended and shrank throughout their history, and they possessed several enclaves such as Arwad and Tell Sukas (modern Syria). For an analysis of Dante's depiction of Charon and other appearances in literature from antiquity through the 17th century in Italy, see. Cato the Elder, having a Stoic's outlook, sees Cupid as a deity of greed and blind passion, morally inferior to Amor. The aim of the project is to provide a comprehensive, free reference guide to the gods (theoi), spirits (daimones), fabulous creatures (theres) and heroes of ancient Greek mythology and religion. This form of the goddess, and the taurobolium, are associated with the "Syrian Goddess", understood as a late equivalent to Astarte, or the Roman Magna Mater, the latter being another supposedly Trojan "Mother of the Romans", as well as "Mother of the Gods". It is notable as the first collection devoted exclusively to biographies of women in Western literature. [6]:1364[8] The ambivalence of her persuasive functions has been perceived in the relationship of the root *wenos- with its Latin derivative venenum ('poison'; from *wenes-no 'love drink' or 'addicting'),[9] in the sense of "a charm, magic philtre". [66] They further argued that Adonis is not explicitly described as rising from the dead in any extant Classical Greek writings,[66][13] though the fact that such a belief existed is attested by authors in Late Antiquity. No Roman temples seem dedicated to Cupid alone but the joint dedication formula Venus Cupidoque ("Venus and Cupid") is evidence of his cult, shared with Venus at her Temple just outside the Colline Gate and elsewhere. [59][58][63] In the mid-twentieth century, some scholars began to criticize the designation of "dying-and-rising god", in some cases arguing that deities like Adonis, previously referred to as "dying and rising", would be better termed separately as "dying gods" and "disappearing gods",[64][65] asserting that gods who "died" did not return, and those who returned never "really" died.[64][65]. She is essentially assimilative and benign, and embraces several otherwise quite disparate functions. Hammond, N.G.L. It was sited somewhere near the Aventine Hill and Circus Maximus, and played a central role in the Vinalia Rustica. Dante depicts him as having eyes of fire. The second series of euro banknotes is known as the Europa Series and bears her likeness in the watermark and hologram. Varro insists that the day was sacred to Jupiter, whose control of the weather governed the ripening of the grapes; but the sacrificial victim, a female lamb (agna), may be evidence that it once belonged to Venus alone.[t][u]. Her name appeared on postage stamps celebrating the Council of Europe, which were first issued in 1956. In private and public areas alike, statues of Venus and Mars attended by Cupid, or Venus, Cupid and minor erotes were sometimes donated by wealthy sponsors, to serve both religious and artistic purposes. WebAll 1080p Micro 1080p Micro 720p Micro 2160p Xvid. That group travelled to a music festival in Bamako and met two members of the Tinariwen collective. Petronius, in his Satyricon, places an image of Venus among the Lares (household gods) of the freedman Trimalchio's lararium. [1] Archaeology confirms that, in some burials, low-value coins were placed in, on, or near the mouth of the deceased, or next to the cremation urn containing their ashes. His blood mingled with her tears and became the anemone flower. Apollodorus, The Library of Greek Mythology (Oxford World's Classics), translated by Robin Hard, Oxford University Press, 1999. As a name for a part of the known world, it is first used in the 6th century BC by Anaximander and Hecataeus. The Death of Adonis (Mazzuoli) (1709) by Giuseppe Mazzuoli, Venus and Adonis (1792) by Franois Lemoyne, The Awakening of Adonis (1899-1900) by John William Waterhouse, This article is about the ancient Greek mythological figure. Barry (1999) adduces the word Ereb on an Assyrian stele with the meaning of "night", "[the country of] sunset", in opposition to Asu "[the country of] sunrise", i.e. [31][17], Venus Frutis honoured by all the Latins with a federal cult at the temple named Frutinal in Lavinium. [20], In 1989 the collective left Libya and moved to Ag Alhabib's home country of Mali, where he returned to his home village of Tessalit for the first time in 26 years. [39] In his comical work Dialogues of the Gods, the satirical author Lucian features Aphrodite in several dialogues, in one of which she complains to the moon goddess Selene that Eros made Persephone fall in love with Adonis and now she has to share him with her. . Her tale is also mentioned in Nathaniel Hawthorne's Tanglewood Tales. Zeus later re-created the shape of the white bull in the stars, which is now known as the constellation Taurus. [47], During Ag Lamida's captivity, several other members of Tinariwen fled from the conflict and resettled temporarily in the southwestern United States to record their sixth album, Emmaar produced by Patrick Vo Tan, with guests including Josh Klinghoffer, Fats Kaplin, Matt Sweeney, and Saul Williams. [8], The cult of Inanna and Dumuzid may have been introduced to the Kingdom of Judah during the reign of King Manasseh. [41] In other version an anemone flower grew on the spot where Adonis died, and a red rose where Aphrodite's tears fell. It was almost certainly not a cultic epithet. [13][21] The festival concluded with the women throwing the effigy of Adonis and the withered plants out to sea. According to Pseudo-Apollodorus's Bibliotheke, Hesiod, in an unknown work that does not survive, made of him the son of Phoenix and the otherwise unidentified Alphesiboea. Veneralia (April 1) was held in honour of Venus Verticordia ("Venus the Changer of Hearts"), and Fortuna Virilis (Virile or strong Good Fortune), whose cult was probably by far the older of the two. [32][33], Also since 2001 the Tinariwen collective has added several younger Tuareg musicians who did not live through the military conflicts experienced by the older members but have contributed to the collective's multi-generational evolution. Caesar's heir, Augustus, made much of these personal and family associations with Venus as an Imperial deity. Unsolved Mysteries of the Past (German: Erinnerungen an die Zukunft: Ungelste Rtsel der Vergangenheit; in English, Memories of the Future: Unsolved Mysteries of the Past) is a book written in 1968 by Erich von Dniken and translated from the original German by Michael Heron. Webjaponum demez belki ama eline silah alp da fuji danda da tsubakuro dagnda da konaklamaz. Tinariwen (Tamasheq: , with vowels , pronounced tinariwen "deserts", plural of tnr "desert"[1]) is a collective of Tuareg musicians from the Sahara Desert region of northern Mali. Color on silk. As a "classical" figure for whom nudity was her natural state, it was socially acceptable to depict her unclothed. Venus Genetrix ("Venus the Mother"), as a goddess of motherhood and domesticity, with a festival on September 26, a personal ancestress of the Julian lineage and, more broadly, the divine ancestress of the Roman people. Ibrahim Ag Alhabib and Elaga Al Hamid were not able to get out of the country, with Ag Alhabib sheltering in a refugee camp near the Algerian border. In the 14th century, Dante Alighieri described Charon in his Divine Comedy, drawing from Virgil's depiction in Aeneid 6. [64], Vinalia Rustica (August 19), originally a rustic Latin festival of wine, vegetable growth and fertility. For an analysis of these dialogues, ss Terpening, pp. In Roman mythology, she was the ancestor of the Roman people through her son, Aeneas, who survived the fall of Troy and fled to Italy. [16] While the group had no official name, people began to call them Kel Tinariwen, which in the Tamashek language translates as "The People of the Deserts" or "The Desert Boys". [2] Another early reference to her is in a fragment of the Hesiodic Catalogue of Women, discovered at Oxyrhynchus. [19] While they waited for the plants to first sprout and then wither, the women would burn incense to Adonis. WebParis (Ancient Greek: ), also known as Alexander (, Alxandros), the son of King Priam and Queen Hecuba of Troy, is a mythological nobleman that appears in a number of Greek legends.. Of these appearances, probably the best known was the elopement with Helen, queen of Sparta, this being one of the immediate causes of the It may be a modern scholarly artifice. In 2012, an archaeological mission of the British Museum led by Lebanese archaeologist, Claude Doumet Serhal, discovered at the site of the old American school in Sidon, Lebanon currency that depicts Europa riding the bull with her veil flying all over like a bow, further proof of Europa's Phoenician origin. See #Festivals and Veneralia. [39], Venus Obsequens ("Indulgent Venus"[40]), Venus' first attested Roman epithet. A later temple, outside the Porta Collina and Rome's sacred boundary, may have preserved some Erycine features of her cult. [66] For example, Origen discusses Adonis, whom he associates with Tammuz, in his Selecta in Ezechielem ( "Comments on Ezekiel"), noting that "they say that for a long time certain rites of initiation are conducted: first, that they weep for him, since he has died; second, that they rejoice for him because he has risen from the dead (apo nekrn anastanti)" (cf. Lloyd-Morgan, G. (1986). [55][56] Six editions of it were published before Shakespeare's death (more than any of his other works)[56] and it enjoyed particularly strong popularity among young adults. [13][17] In Crete she married Asterion also rendered Asterius and became mother (or step-mother) of his daughter Crete. It was used in various forms, notably by the Roman playwright, Terence, probably by others before him, and certainly into the early modern era. Darby and The Dead 2022 1080p HULU WEBRip 1400MB DD5 1 x264-GalaxyRG [22], Europa does not seem to have been venerated directly in cult anywhere in classical Greece,[note 8] but at Lebadaea in Boeotia, Pausanias noted in the 2nd century AD that Europa was the epithet of Demeter"Demeter whom they surname Europa and say was the nurse of Trophonios"among the Olympians who were addressed by seekers at the cave sanctuary of Trophonios of Orchomenus, to whom a chthonic cult and oracle were dedicated: "the grove of Trophonios by the river Herkyna there is also a sanctuary of Demeter Europa the nurse of Trophonios. Having given birth to three sons by Zeus, Europa married a king Asterios, this being also the name of the Minotaur and an epithet of Zeus, likely derived from the name `Atar.[20]. The worship of Aphrodite and Adonis is probably a Greek continuation of the ancient Sumerian worship of Inanna and Dumuzid. [13] While the Tinariwen style is possibly a distant relative of blues music, via West African music, members of Tinariwen claim to have never heard actual American blues music until they began to travel internationally in the early 2000s. [35] This name has attached to an iconological type of statue of Aphrodite/Venus. For Ovid, Venus's acceptance of the epithet and its attendant responsibilities represented a change of heart in the goddess herself. The Greeks considered Adonis's cult to be of Near Eastern origin. WebIn Greek mythology, Adonis was the mortal lover of the goddess Aphrodite.. One day, Adonis was gored by a wild boar during a hunting trip and died in Aphrodite's arms as she wept. [4], Greek (Eurp) contains the elements (eurus), "wide, broad"[5] and /-/- (ps/p-/opt-) "eye, face, countenance". This was almost certainly Venus' oldest festival and was associated with her earliest known form, Venus Obsequens. Recording took place at Joshua Tree National Park in California, which features a desert environment similar to that of Tinariwen's homeland. [b] Her cults may represent the religiously legitimate charm and seduction of the divine by mortals, in contrast to the formal, contractual relations between most members of Rome's official pantheon and the state, and the unofficial, illicit manipulation of divine forces through magic. Other versions of Venus' birth show her standing on land or shoreline, wringing the sea-water from her hair. [18] Ag Alhabib and his bandmates answered the call and received nine months of training. WebIn Greek mythology, Pegasus was an immortal winged horse, one of the two children of Poseidon and Medusa.Along with his brother, the golden-sworded Chrysaor, Pegasus sprang forth most miraculously from his pregnant mothers neck after Perseus had beheaded her. From Syracuse, Sicily. hatta iclerinde ulan ne komik yazmisim Lipka gives a foundation date of 181 BC for Venus' Colline temple. [2][13] The plants would sprout in the sunlight, but wither quickly in the heat. Aphrodite declared the Adonia festival commemorating his tragic death, which was celebrated by women He then revealed his true identity, and Europa became the first queen of Crete. [16], Venus Anadyomene (Venus "rising from the sea"), based on a once-famous painting by the Greek artist Apelles showing the birth of Aphrodite from sea-foam, fully adult and supported by a more-than-lifesized scallop shell. Venus Felix ("Lucky Venus"), probably a traditional epithet, combining aspects of Venus and Fortuna, goddess of both good and bad fortune and personification of luck, whose iconography includes the rudder of a ship, found in some Pompeian examples of the regal Venus Physica. They played occasional gigs for far-flung Tuareg communities throughout the Sahara region, gaining word-of-mouth popularity among the Tuareg people. [12] Ag Alhabib first lived in Algeria in refugee camps near Bordj Badji Mokhtar and in the deserts around the southern city of Tamanrasset, where he was given a guitar from a local Arab man. WebCarol Danvers is a Human/Kree hybrid and a military warrior, better known as the high-flying super hero Captain Marvel. It is derived from the Greek word Eurp () in all Romance languages, Germanic languages, Slavic languages, Baltic languages, Celtic languages, Iranian languages, Uralic languages (Hungarian Eurpa, Finnish Eurooppa, Estonian Euroopa). [50] According to Lucian's De Dea Syria,[51] each year during the festival of Adonis, the Adonis River in Lebanon (now known as the Abraham River) ran red with blood. [13] In dice-games played with knucklebones, a popular pastime among Romans of all classes, the luckiest, best possible roll was known as "Venus". So some interpret this as her brother Phoenix (when he is assumed to be son of Agenor) gave his siblings' name to his three children and this Europa (by this case, niece of former) is also loved by Zeus, but because of the same name, gave some confusions to others. Roman poets, including Propertius, Ovid, and Statius, name the river as the Styx, perhaps following the geography of Virgil's underworld in the Aeneid, where Charon is associated with both rivers. [s] Roman opinions differed on whose festival it was. In one, it commemorates the virtuous offer by Roman matrons of their own hair to make bowstrings during a siege of Rome. [j], The Capitoline cult to Venus seems to have been reserved to higher status Romans. [2] Venus is also cognate with Latin venia ('favour, permission') and vnor ('to hunt') through to common PIE root *wenh- ('to strive for, wish for, desire, love'). [41], Venus Physica Pompeiana was Pompeii's protective goddess, antedating Sulla's imposition of a colonia named Colonia Veneria Cornelia after his family and Venus, following his siege and capture of Pompeii from the Samnites. Further titles or variants acquired by Venus through the same process, or through orthographic variance, include Libentia, Lubentina, and Lubentini. Venus was also a patron of the ordinary, everyday wine drunk by most Roman men and women; the seductive powers of wine were well known. [23], Tinariwen is a collective of singers, songwriters, and musicians who come together in different combinations to play concerts and to record. WebThough the rhyme is tetrametric, it follows no consistent metrical foot; however, the lines correspond roughly to a monosyllabic tetrameter, a dactylic tetrameter, a trochaic tetrameter, and an iambic tetrameter respectively. In Greek mythology, Europa (/jrop, j-/; Ancient Greek: , Eurp, Attic Greek pronunciation:[eu.r.p]) was a Phoenician princess of Argive Greek origin, and the mother of King Minos of Crete. In the field of prehistoric art, since the discovery in 1908 of the so-called "Venus of Willendorf" small Neolithic sculptures of rounded female forms have been conventionally referred to as Venus figurines. Virgil's Aeneas is guided to Latium by Venus in her heavenly form, the morning star, shining brightly before him in the daylight sky; much later, she lifts Caesar's soul to heaven. In August 2012, another party in the rebellion, the militant Islamist group Ansar Dine, denounced the presence of popular music in the territory,[43] and Tinariwen was targeted specifically during this campaign. [45][46] A few weeks later, Tinariwen reported that Ag Lamida had been released and was "safe and free". [68], Cupid (lust or desire) and Amor (affectionate love) are taken to be different names for the same Roman love-god, the son of Venus, fathered by Mercury, Vulcan or Mars. The Roman playwright Plautus, however, has Venus, Cupid and Amor working together. For other uses, see. Venus also had a distinctive, local form as Venus Pescatrice ("Venus the Fisher-woman") a goddess of the sea, and trade. Julius Caesar claimed her as his ancestor. Adonis was also said to have been loved by other gods such as Apollo, Heracles and Dionysus. [48], In one version of the story, Aphrodite injured herself on a thorn from a rose bush[41] and the rose, which had previously been white, was stained red by her blood. ", The widely spaced, open style preferred by Vitruvius is, The origin is unknown, but it might derive from. [79], Venus' long association with wine reflects the inevitable connections between wine, intoxication and sex, expressed in the proverbial phrase sine Cerere et Baccho friget Venus (loosely translated as "without food and wine, Venus freezes). ", "Blues From the Desert, Recorded On-Site", "Tinariwen: Spreading the Saharan blues wherever it roams", "Tinariwen brings message of peace from African desert", "Former Qaddafi Mercenaries Describe Fighting in Libyan War", "Rebel Music: The Tuareg Uprising in 12 Songs by Tinariwen", "Desert rock band Tinariwen to headline the Iron Horse", "Manny Ansar Reflects on the Festival au Desert in Timbuktu", "Tinariwen/Lo'Jo, Shepherds Bush Empire, London", "Rock Paper Scissors Festival in the Desert DVD Interview", "Change to Tinariwen line-up for next week's WOMADelaide festival due to conflict in Mali", "Mali's 'Guitar Gods' Tinariwen Receive Racist Threats Ahead Of U.S. Tour", "Glastonbury 2009: Day 3 @ Worthy Farm, Somerset | Live Music Reviews", "World Cup Concert: The Real Rebels of Rock 'n' Roll", "Tinariwen Announce North American Dates", "Tinariwen: New Album, US Tour on JamBase", "The Official Site of Music's Biggest Night", "Tinariwen team up with TV on the Radio members for new album", "Tinariwen, Bono, and Bassekou Kouyat on Stage at the Festival au Dsert, 2012", "2012: When Mali music came under attack", "Mali: no rhythm or reason as militants declare war on music", "Intidaw, le vocaliste Touareg du clbre groupe Tinariwen, a t arrt par le groupe terroriste Ansar Dine", "The band from Mali I hugged in Shepherds Bush", "Tinariwen Deliver a Devastatingly Beautiful Album With 'Elwan', "Tinariwen's 'Amadjar' Is a Particularly Well-Polished Jewel", "Tinariwen Announce New Album Amajdar, Share New Song: Listen", "Tinariwan: Amadjar review | Ammar Kalia's global album of the month", "Tinariwen Announce New Reissues of Three Albums", "Meet Kel Assouf and Imarhan, the new wave of Tuareg rock", "We are nomads and we belong to the desert- Tinariwen", "Desert blues: A short primer on Northwest African rock music | The Review", "Sounds of Mali in Utah: Tinariwen and Vieux Fara Tour", "How a Tinariwen CD Tells the Story of a Rebel Nation", "Tinariwen on their new album, bootlegged Zeppelin tapes, and more", "Tinariwen Unites The Many Personalities Of New York City", "Afropop Worldwide | Imarhan Release "Tamiditin," Featuring Tinariwen Founding Member Japonais", "Music Awards 2014 recognising outstanding talent in world music", "Le Top de la semaine: Top Albums Fusionnes SNEP (Week 7, 2017)", Syndicat National de l'dition Phonographique, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tinariwen&oldid=1126446705, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Tamasheq-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2021, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Vague or ambiguous time from December 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Alhassane Ag Touhami guitar, vocals (founding member), Inteyeden Ag Ablil (died 1994) guitar, vocals, Liya Ag Ablil ("Diarra") rhythm guitar, vocals, Abdallah Ag Lamida ("Intidao") guitar, backing vocals, Iyad Moussa Abderrahmane guitar, vocals, Mohammed Ag Itlale (aka "Japonais") (died 2021), This page was last edited on 9 December 2022, at 10:59. The weakness of an etymology with (eurus), is 1. that the -u stem of disappears in Europa and 2. the expected form euryopa that retains the -u stem in fact exists. WebIn Greek mythology, the Amazons (Ancient Greek: Amaznes, singular Amazn, via Latin Amzon, -nis) are portrayed in a number of ancient epic poems and legends, such as the Labours of Hercules, the Argonautica and the Iliad.They were a group of female warriors and hunters, who beat men in physical agility and strength, in archery, Kitchen gardens and market-gardens, and presumably vineyards were dedicated to her. It offered opportunity to supplicants to ask Venus' intercession with Jupiter, who was thought to be susceptible to her charms, and amenable to the effects of her wine. Venus is remembered in De Mulieribus Claris, a collection of biographies of historical and mythological women by the Florentine author Giovanni Boccaccio, composed in 136162. [55], The story of Adonis was the inspiration for the Italian poet Giambattista Marino to write his mythological epic L'Adone (1623), which outsold Shakespeare's First Folio. Hanging scroll. Thus she spoke to him of a girl that truly loved him and desired to sleep with him, giving a fictitious name and simply describing her as Myrrha's age. His blood mingled with her tears and became the anemone flower. [9], Other Latin authors also describe Charon, among them Seneca in his tragedy Hercules Furens, where Charon is described in verses 762777 as an old man clad in foul garb, with haggard cheeks and an unkempt beard, a fierce ferryman who guides his craft with a long pole. The Dictionary of Classical Mythology explains that Zeus was enamoured of Europa and decided to seduce or rape her, the two being near-equivalent in Greek myth. Eros was also the patron deity of Thespiae, embodied as an aniconic stone, as late as the 2nd century AD. In 55 BC he dedicated a temple to her at the top of his theater in the Campus Martius. [32] Another version states that both goddesses got to keep him for half the year each at the suggestion of the Muse Calliope. The Sibylline oracle suggested that Carthage might be defeated if the Venus of Eryx (Venus Erycina, patron goddess of Carthage's Sicilian allies, could be persuaded to change her allegiance. J.-P. Migne, Patrologiae Cursus Completus: Series Graeca, 13:800). Most accounts, including Pausanias (10.28) and later Dante's Inferno (3.78), associate Charon with the swamps of the river Acheron. [78], Myrtle was thought a particularly potent aphrodisiac. Asia (Anatolia coming equally from , "(sun)rise", "east"). yazarken bile ulan ne klise laf ettim falan demistim. , / / . In neo-classical art, her epithet as Victrix is often used in the sense of 'Venus Victorious over men's hearts' or in the context of the Judgement of Paris (e.g. The first known temple to Venus was vowed to Venus Obsequens ("Indulgent Venus"[40]) by Q. Fabius Gurges in the heat of a battle against the Samnites. [10], Venus seems to have had no origin myth until her association with Greek Aphrodite. [21] In 1990 the Tuareg people of Mali revolted against the government, with some of the musicians of the collective participating as rebel fighters. [23], In 1998 Tinariwen came to the attention of the French world music ensemble Lo'Jo and their manager Philippe Brix. [20] The idea of Venus thus being a mixture of the male and female nature seems to belong to a very late period of antiquity. [citation needed] Mohamed Ag Itlale (aka "Japonais") died on 14 February 2021 from a heart attack. (cf. The resulting homemade cassettes were traded widely throughout the Sahara region. WebIn Greek mythology, Charon or Kharon (/ k r n,-n /; Ancient Greek: ) is a psychopomp, the ferryman of Hades, the Greek underworld.He carries the souls of those who have been given funeral rites across the rivers Acheron and Styx, which separate the worlds of the living and the dead. Over time, venus came to refer to any artistic depiction in post-classical art of a nude woman, even when there was no indication that the subject was the goddess. and Scullard, H.H. [citation needed], In 1993 Manny Ansar became the band's manager,[15] after hearing them play when they were back in Mali. He carries the souls of those who have been given funeral rites across the rivers Acheron and Styx, which separate the worlds of the living and the dead. He was the offspring of the monsters Echidna and Typhon, and was usually described as having three heads, a serpent for a tail, and Canova's Venus Victrix, a half-nude reclining portrait of Pauline Bonaparte). The band formed in 1981 by guitarist Jack Starr, who soon found drummer Joey Ayvazian and bassist Kelly Nickels.A host of singers were considered before David DeFeis (formerly of the bands Phoenix and Mountain Ash) joined, having left a The story of her abduction by Zeus in the form of a bull was a Cretan story; as classicist Kroly Kernyi At the same time, he was pontifex maximus and Rome's senior magistrate; the festival is thought to mark the unprecedented promotion of a personal, family cult to one of the Roman state. As with most major gods and goddesses in Roman mythology, the literary concept of Venus is mantled in whole-cloth borrowings from the literary Greek mythology of her counterpart, Aphrodite, but with significant exceptions. [27], Venus Erycina ("Erycine Venus"), a Punic statue of Astarte captured from Eryx, in Sicily, and worshiped in Romanised form by the elite and respectable matrons at a temple on the Capitoline Hill. Venus Victrix ("Venus the Victorious"), a Romanised aspect of the armed Aphrodite that Greeks had inherited from the East, where the goddess Ishtar "remained a goddess of war, and Venus could bring victory to a Sulla or a Caesar. The band Terakaft was formed by various musicians who had played with Tinariwen, and included guitarist and band leader Sanou Ag Ahmed, Tinariwen guitarist Liya Ag Ablil (Diarra), djembe player Souleymane Kane, calabash player Alpha Ousmane (Hama) Sankare, and electric bass guitar player Andrew Anwin Sudhibhaslip. [75], The Venus types known as Venus Pompeiana ("Venus of Pompeii") and Venus Pescatrice ("Venus the Fisher-woman") are almost exclusive to Pompeii. Roman and Hellenistic art produced many variations on the goddess, often based on the Praxitlean type Aphrodite of Cnidus. [44], Another tradition stated that Dionysus, the Greek god of wine and madness, carried off Adonis. The Flemish painter, Joachim Patinir, depicted Charon in his Crossing the River Styx. The Ovid uses acidalia only in the latter sense. At this festival, men and women alike drank the new vintage of ordinary, non-sacral wine (pressed at the previous year's vinalia rustica) in honour of Venus, whose powers had provided humankind with this gift. [y] In Ovid's Fasti Venus came to Rome because she "preferred to be worshipped in the city of her own offspring". No such Triad seems to have existed prior to Baalbek's 15 BC colonisation by Augustus' veterans. The ovation ceremony was assimilated to Venus Victrix ("Victorious Venus"), who was held to have granted and purified its relatively "easy" victory. debe editi : soklardayim sayin sozluk. [1][2][3][4][5] This word is related to Adonai (Hebrew: ), one of the titles used to refer to the God of the Hebrew Bible and still used in Judaism to the present day. [41][42] In early 2012 there was another Tuareg rebellion in Tinariwen's home region of northern Mali, with the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) declaring independence and forming the short-lived unrecognized state Azawad. [2][3] Tinariwen first started to gain a following outside the Sahara region in 2001 with the release of the album The Radio Tisdas Sessions, and with performances at Festival au Dsert in Mali[4] and the Roskilde Festival in Denmark. The Latin theonym Venus and the common noun venus ('love, charm') stem from a Proto-Italic form reconstructed as *wenos- ('desire'), itself from Proto-Indo-European (PIE) *wenh-os ('desire'; cf. After arriving in Crete, Europa had three sons fathered by Zeus: Minos, Rhadamanthus, and Sarpedon, the first two becoming judges of the Underworld, alongside Aeacus of Aegina, when they died. [46], Venus Urania ("Heavenly Venus"), used as the title of a book by Basilius von Ramdohr, a relief by Pompeo Marchesi, and a painting by Christian Griepenkerl. Upper-class women gathered at Venus's Capitoline temple, where a libation of the previous year's vintage, sacred to Jupiter, was poured into a nearby ditch. Some sources associate her with the myrtle-tree. On the earlier such vases, he looks like a rough, unkempt Athenian seaman dressed in reddish-brown, holding his ferryman's pole in his right hand and using his left hand to receive the deceased. 107116. Universal Church of the Way and its Virtue, "Ancient Chinese Musical Instruments: As Depicted on Some of the Early Monuments in the Museum", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fuxi&oldid=1126372333, Articles containing Chinese-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 9 December 2022, at 00:33. He was described as androgynous for he acted like a man in his affections for Aphrodite but as a woman for Apollo. [40], Then, one day while Adonis was out hunting, he was wounded by a wild boar, and bled to death in Aphrodite's arms. [71], In Roman cult inscriptions and theology, "Amor" is rare, and "Cupido" relatively common. [40], They appeared at the January 2012 Festival au Dsert, where they were joined on stage by Bono (of U2 fame) and Bassekou Kouyate. [32] However Persephone too found Adonis to be exceedingly handsome[33] and wanted to keep Adonis[32] for she too fell in love with him;[34][35][36] Zeus settled the dispute by decreeing that Adonis would spend one third of the year with Aphrodite, one third with Persephone, and one third with whomever he chose. [47] Pseudo-Apollodorus (Bibliotheke, 3.182) describes Adonis as the son of Cinyras, of Paphos on Cyprus, and Metharme. Tinariwen has been named as a formative influence on a growing Tuareg rock scene, made up of younger musicians who were not rebels like the members of Tinariwen but have experienced their region's recent struggles with poverty and terrorism. WebA non-Greek origin of Apollo has long been assumed in scholarship. These are the very features of the Adonis legend: which is celebrated on flat roof-tops on which sherds sown with quickly germinating green salading are placed, Adonis gardens the climax is loud lamentation for the dead god. New members include bassist Eyadou Ag Leche, percussionist Said Ag Ayad, guitarist Elaga Ag Hamid, guitarist Abdallah Ag Lamida, and vocalists Wonou Walet Sidati and the Walet Oumar sisters. [58] In 2022, Tinariwen began a project to reissue several of their earlier albums in new formats. Fuxi was counted as the first of the Three Aphrodite declared the Adonia festival commemorating his tragic death, which was celebrated by women every year in midsummer. WebIn Greek mythology, Cerberus (/ s r b r s /; Greek: Krberos), often referred to as the hound of Hades, is a multi-headed dog that guards the gates of the Underworld to prevent the dead from leaving. Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, "Two of Pluto's Moons Get Names From Greek Mythology's Underworld", Comptes Rendus de l'Acadmie des Sciences, Classical mythology in western art and literature, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Charon&oldid=1123639279, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 24 November 2022, at 21:14. To sustain life, water and fire must be balanced; excess of either one, or their mutual antagonism, are unproductive or destructive. In Greek mythology, Adonis[a] was the mortal lover of the goddess Aphrodite. She has been historically identified as one third of a so-called Heliopolitan Triad, and thus a wife to presumed sun-god "Syrian Jupiter" (Baal) and mother of "Syrian Mercury" (Adon). ne bileyim cok daha tatlisko cok daha bilgi iceren entrylerim vardi. They include characters of Greco-Roman mythology such as. In some Latin mythology, Cupid was the son of Venus and Mars, the god of war. In the 1st century BC, the Roman poet Virgil describes Charon, manning his rust-colored skiff, in the course of Aeneas's descent to the underworld (Aeneid, Book 6), after the Cumaean Sibyl has directed the hero to the golden bough that will allow him to return to the world of the living: There Charon stands, who rules the dreary coast A sordid god: down from his hairy chinA length of beard descends, uncombed, unclean;His eyes, like hollow furnaces on fire;A girdle, foul with grease, binds his obscene attire. [aa] "Amor" is the Latin name preferred by Roman poets and literati for the personification of "kindly" love. [16], The worship of Adonis is associated with the festival of the Adonia, which was celebrated by Greek women every year in midsummer. She seems to have been a favourite of Lucretius' patron, Memmius. Venus Caelestis is the earliest known Roman recipient of a taurobolium (a form of bull sacrifice), performed at her shrine in Pozzuoli on 5October 134. Venus was central to many religious festivals, and Venus Acidalia is likely a literary conceit, formed by Virgil from earlier usages in which acidalia had no evident connection to Venus. The wedding ceremony itself, and the state of lawful marriage, belonged to Juno whose mythology allows her only a single marriage, and no divorce from her habitually errant spouse, Jupiter but Venus and Juno are also likely "bookends" for the ceremony; Venus prepares the bride for "conubial bliss" and expectations of fertility within lawful marriage. The myth of Europa and Zeus may have its origin in a sacred union between the Phoenician deities `Atar and `Atart (Astarte), in bovine form. See article by James Yates, M.A., F.R.S., and primary sources on entry, "The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome", v. 1, p. 167. The invention of the telescope revealed that the planet Jupiter, clearly visible to the naked eye and known to humanity since prehistoric times, has an attendant family of moons. A form of Venus usually identified as Venus Felix was adopted by the dictator Sulla to legitimise his victories over his domestic and foreign opponents during Rome's late Republican civil and foreign wars; Rives finds it very unlikely that Sulla would have imposed this humiliating connection on unwilling or conquered domestic territories once allied to Samnium, such as Pompei. WebQuestia. The rites allowed women to drink the strongest, sacrificial wine, otherwise reserved for the Roman gods and Roman men; the women euphemistically referred to it as "honey". Other Variations of the Phoenix [49], One of the group's founder members, Inteyeden Ag Ablil (brother of guitarist Liya Ag Ablil) died of a virus in the desert in 1994, and singer Wonou Walet Oumar died of a kidney infection in 2005. WebHecate or Hekate is a goddess in ancient Greek religion and mythology, most often shown holding a pair of torches, a key, snakes, or accompanied by dogs, and in later periods depicted as three-formed or triple-bodied. Servius speculates this as reference to a mooted "Fountain of Acidalia" (fons acidalia) where the Graces (Venus' daughters) were said to bathe; but he also connects it to the Greek word for "arrow", whence "love's arrows" and love's "cares and pangs". She is probably based on the influential image of Aphrodite by Praxiteles, once housed in a temple by the sea but now lost. An alternative suggestion due to Ernest Klein and Giovanni Semerano (1966) attempted to connect a Semitic term for "west", Akkadian erebu meaning "to go down, set" (in reference to the sun), Phoenician 'ereb "evening; west", which would parallel occident (the resemblance to Erebus, from PIE *h1regos, "darkness", is accidental, however). [62] Frazer claimed that Adonis was just one example of the archetype of a "dying-and-rising god" found throughout all cultures. [1][2] In Virgil's epic poem, Aeneid, the dead who could not pay the fee, and those who had received no funeral rites, had to wander the near shores of the Styx for one hundred years before they were allowed to cross the river. [2][3], Derivatives include venustus ('attractive, charming'), venusts ('charm, grace'), venerius ('of Venus, erotic'), venerr ('to worship, pay homage'), and venerti ('adoration'). This page was last edited on 10 December 2022, at 05:11. [71], Images of Venus have been found in domestic murals, mosaics and household shrines (lararia). [note 9]. Soon after, Rome's defeat of Carthage confirmed Venus's goodwill to Rome, her links to its mythical Trojan past, and her support of its political and military hegemony. The rites conducted at the shrine were probably meant to purify the culvert's polluted waters and noxious airs. Vulcan's should be outside the city, to reduce the dangers of fire, which is his element; Mars' too should be outside the city, so that "no armed frays may disturb the peace of the citizens, and that this divinity may, moreover, be ready to preserve them from their enemies and the perils of war. [6] Charon is first attested in the now fragmentary Greek epic poem Minyas, which includes a description of a descent to the underworld and possibly dates back to the 6th century BC. "[23], The festival of Hellotia in Crete was celebrated in honour of Europa. Greek mythology character, daughter of Agenor, "The Rape of Europa" redirects here. Elisabeth Asmis, "Lucretius' Venus and Stoic Zeus". [9] Ezekiel 8:14 mentions Adonis under his earlier East Semitic name Tammuz[10][11] and describes a group of women mourning Tammuz's death while sitting near the north gate of the Temple in Jerusalem.[10][11]. She is generally said to be the daughter of Agenor, the Phoenician King of Tyre;[13] the Syracusan poet Moschus[14] makes her mother Queen Telephassa ("far-shining") but elsewhere her mother is Argiope ("silver-faced"). He claimed the favours of Venus Victrix in his military success and Venus Genetrix as a personal, divine ancestress apparently a long-standing family tradition among the Julii. Images of Venus Pescatrice tend to be more playful, usually found in less formal and less public "non-reception" areas: here, she usually holds a fishing rod, and sits amidst landscape scenery, accompanied by at least one cupid. Venus became a popular subject of painting and sculpture during the Renaissance period in Europe. WebVenus (/ v i n s /) is a Roman goddess, whose functions encompass love, beauty, desire, sex, fertility, prosperity, and victory.In Roman mythology, she was the ancestor of the Roman people through her son, Aeneas, who survived the fall of Troy and fled to Italy. [31], Aphrodite found the baby,[32] and took him to the underworld to be fostered by Persephone. [73][74] Cupid's roles in literary myth are usually limited to actions on behalf of Venus; in Cupid and Psyche, one of the stories within The Golden Ass, by the Roman author Apuleius, the plot and its resolution are driven by Cupid's love for Psyche ("soul"), his filial disobedience, and his mother's envy. In the 8th century, ecclesiastical uses of "Europa" for the imperium of Charlemagne provide the source for the modern geographical term. "[47] Pompey vied with his patron Sulla and with Caesar for public recognition as her protg. [o], In 135 AD the Emperor Hadrian inaugurated a temple to Venus and Roma Aeterna (Eternal Rome) on Rome's Velian Hill, underlining the Imperial unity of Rome and its provinces, and making Venus the protective genetrix of the entire Roman state, its people and fortunes. Origin. WebUrsa Major (/ r s m e d r /; also known as the Great Bear) is a constellation in the northern sky, whose associated mythology likely dates back into prehistory.Its Latin name means "greater (or larger) bear," referring to and contrasting it with nearby Ursa Minor, the lesser bear. [17], Venus Barbata ("Bearded Venus"), mentioned by Servius[18][clarification needed] Macrobius[19] describes a statue of Venus in Cyprus, bearded and manlike in her figure, but in female attire (see also Aphroditus). It is notable as the first collection devoted exclusively to biographies of women in Western literature.[82]. [51][53]:4,8,14 Likewise, a shrine to Venus Verticordia ("Venus the changer of hearts"), established in 114 BC but with links to an ancient cult of Venus-Fortuna, was "bound to the peculiar milieu of the Aventine and the Circus Maximus" a strongly plebeian context for Venus's cult, in contrast to her aristocratic cultivation as a Stoic and Epicurian "all-goddess". The name of Apollo's mother Leto has Lydian origin, and she was worshipped on the coasts of Asia Minor . [12]:10509 Venus Verticordias statue was dedicated by a young woman, chosen as the most pudica (sexually pure) in Rome by a committee of Roman matrons. FOX FILES combines in-depth news reporting from a variety of Fox News on-air talent. [69] Childlike or boyish winged figures who accompany Venus, whether singly, in pairs or more, have been variously identified as Amores, Cupids, Erotes or forms of Greek Eros. When the boatman tells Heracles to halt, the Greek hero uses his strength to gain passage, overpowering Charon with the boatman's own pole. Venus was offered official (state-sponsored) cult in certain festivals of the Roman calendar. 19798. In 114 BC Venus Verticordia was given her own temple. However, because of some confusion that surrounds the Egyptian texts, the origin of the story of the Phoenix is normally credited to Greek mythology. The French artist, Gustave Dore, depicted Charon in two of his illustrations for Dante's Divine Comedy. [55] The group instead decamped in Morocco and embarked on a multi-month journey through Western Sahara and Mauritania, collaborating with local musicians at several stops along the way and writing songs while camped out in the desert. This page was last edited on 28 October 2022, at 13:27. ", Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities (1890), Ellotia, A metope from Sicily, carved with Europa, c. 550 540 BCE, Warburg Institute Iconographic Database (ca 250 images of Europa), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Europa_(consort_of_Zeus)&oldid=1118717389, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the New International Encyclopedia, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the DGRBM, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the DGRBM without a Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the DGRBM, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2021, Articles having different image on Wikidata and Wikipedia, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library, Online version at Harvard University Press, "The "Dying and Rising God": A Survey of Research from Frazer to the Present Day", Faceted Application of Subject Terminology, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adonis&oldid=1126593765, Metamorphoses into flowers in Greek mythology, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles having same image on Wikidata and Wikipedia, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. [z][72][71], Ovid's Fasti, Book 4, invokes Venus not by name but as "Mother of the Twin Loves", the gemini amores. Godefroit, Pascal; Shuqin Zan; Liyong Jin (2000). His name is often applied in modern times to handsome youths, of whom he is the archetype. [63] Common girls (vulgares puellae) and prostitutes gathered at Venus' temple just outside the Colline gate, where they offered her myrtle, mint, and rushes concealed in rose-bunches and asked her for "beauty and popular favour", and to be made "charming and witty". Considered a pioneer of desert blues, the group's guitar-driven style combines traditional Tuareg and African music with Western rock music. WebThe Chimera (/ k m r / or / k a m r /), also Chimaera (Chimra) (Ancient Greek: , Chmaira means 'she-goat'), according to Greek mythology, was a monstrous fire-breathing hybrid creature, composed of different animal parts from Lycia, Asia Minor.It is usually depicted as a lion, with the head of a goat protruding from its back, and a tail that Roman copies of her image would have embellished baths and gymnasiums. He would also have featured in many private household cults. "Charonosaurus jiayinensis n. g., n. [81][50]:63,113. Messapic Venas, Old Indic vnas 'desire'). WebChariots of the Gods? Some other scholars have continued to cite Adonis/Tammuz as an example of a dying and rising god, suggesting that the descent into and return from the underworld is a functional analogue for death even if no physical cause of death is depicted. The core [10], In the second century, Lucian employed Charon as a figure in his Dialogues of the Dead, most notably in Parts 4 and 10 ("Hermes and Charon" and "Charon and Hermes").[11]. 16501700, by Peter Paul Rubens, Mars Being Disarmed by Venus (18221825) by Jacques-Louis David, Birth of Venus (1863) by Alexandre Cabanel, Tannhuser in the Venusberg (1901) by John Collier, Iris presenting the wounded Venus to Mars by Sir George Hayter, 1820 Ante Library, Chatsworth House, Anonymous (France) after Franois Boucher, "Venus and Cupid on a Dolphin," 19th century, lithograph, Ancient Roman goddess of love, sex and fertility, Goddess of love, beauty, desire, sex, fertility, prosperity and victory, Ashby (1929) finds the existence of a temple to Venus Calva "very doubtful"; see. Heracles' love of Adonis is mentioned in passing by Ptolemy Hephaestion. WebWelcome to the Theoi Project, a site exploring Greek mythology and the gods in classical literature and art. The Italian Renaissance painter Sandro Botticelli used the type in his The Birth of Venus. Under these special circumstances, they could get virtuously, religiously drunk on strong wine, safe from male intrusion and Venus' temptations. Her male counterparts in the Roman pantheon, Vulcan and Mars, are active and fiery. This has been taken to confirm that at least some aspects of Charon's mytheme are reflected in some Greek and Roman funeral practices, or else the coins function as a viaticum for the soul's journey. [2][18][13] The women would then climb ladders to the roofs of their houses, where they would place the gardens out under the heat of the summer sun. [56] Despite this, the poem has received mixed reception from modern critics. [30]:199200, Vitruvius recommends that any new temple to Venus be sited according to rules laid down by the Etruscan haruspices, and built "near to the gate" of the city, where it would be less likely to contaminate "the matrons and youth with the influence of lust". Often Europa steadies herself by touching one of the bull's horns, acquiescing. For the Syrian poet, see. [13] "In Greece," Burkert concludes, "the special function of the Adonis legend is as an opportunity for the unbridled expression of emotion in the strictly circumscribed life of women, in contrast to the rigid order of polis and family with the official women's festivals in honour of Demeter. Vegetable-growers may have been involved in the dedications as a corporate guild. Their debut commercial album, The Radio Tisdas Sessions, was recorded by Justin Adams and Jean-Paul Romann at the radio station of the same name in Kidal, Mali (the only Tamashek-speaking station in the region) and released in 2001. Sulla may have set some form of precedent, but there is no evidence that he built her a Temple. The story of her abduction by Zeus in the form of a bull was a Cretan story; as classicist Kroly Kernyi points out, "most of the love-stories concerning Zeus originated from more ancient tales describing his marriages with goddesses. Although Venus played a central role in several wine festivals, the Roman god of wine was Bacchus, identified with Greek Dionysus and the early Roman wine-god Liber Pater (Father of Freedom). Wagenvoort, Hendrik, "The Origins of the goddess Venus" (first published as "De deae Veneris origine", This page was last edited on 9 December 2022, at 11:23. [v] The festival's rites are not known. [37], Venus Libertina ("Venus the Freedwoman"), probably arising through the semantic similarity and cultural links between libertina (as "a free woman") and lubentina (possibly meaning "pleasurable" or "passionate"). There were two competing myths[21] relating how Europa came into the Hellenic world, but they agreed that she came to Crete (Krti), where the sacred bull was paramount. "[7]:457[c], Venus Acidalia, in Virgil's Aeneid (1.71522, as mater acidalia). In Servius' 4th century commentary on Virgil's Aeneas, Cupid is a deceptive agent of Venus, impersonating Aeneas' son and making Dido, queen of Carthage, forget her husband. Where Cupid (lust) can be imperious, cruel, prone to mischief or even war-like, Amor softly persuades. It was at this point that Tinariwen was created as a professional band. 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